Showing posts with label E. Assignment 4: The Industry. Show all posts
Showing posts with label E. Assignment 4: The Industry. Show all posts
Wednesday, 21 June 2017
Monday, 12 June 2017
Ownership and Funding
Ownership & Funding
Ownership Concepts
Public Service Broadcasting (PSB)
PSB or Public Service Broadcasting in the UK refers to broadcasting intended for public benefit rather than to serve purely for commercial interests. The communications regulator Ofcom requires that certain television and radio broadcasters fulfill certain requirements as part of their license to broadcast. All of the BBC's television and radio stations have a public service remit, including those that broadcast digitally.
Commercial Broadcasting
Commercial broadcasting (otherwise known as private broadcasting) is the opposite. Its the broadcasting of television programs and radio programming by privately owned corporate media, as opposed to state sponsorship. It was the United States' first model of radio (and later television) during the 1920's
Corporate or Private Ownership
A privately held company or close corporation is a business company owned neither by non-governmental organizations nor by a relatively small number of shareholders or company members which does not offer or trade its company stock to the general public on the stock market.
Global Companies
A global company is technically defined by a company that operates in two or more countries around the world. Typically though a global company will operate in multiple countries across continental borders. They are also known as multinational corporations or 'MNC's'. Some example of global companies would be Time Warner, Starbucks, Sky, Microsoft etc.
Vertical Integration
Vertical integration describes when a company begins to buy and control sectors above and below which ever market it operates in. For example, instead of a company investing in a film crew to create a film that will be eventually be sold to cinemas and then consumers, when a company vertically integrates instead of investing in a film, the company will hire its own film crew and have its own chain of cinemas so it can directly sell its product to the consumers without any middle sectors taking out profit and value.
Horizontal integration is quite the opposite. Horizontal integration is when a company purchases/absorbs/or merges with another company in its sector. The reason a company will do this is to eliminate all the other competition doing exactly same thing and narrow the market so its only them left in the field.
Funding Types
The Licence Fee
The TV licence fee is a tax collected by the BBC and is primarily used to fund the radio, television and online services of the BBC itself. This type of tax is known as a hypothecated tax. This was originally set up to prevent television becoming commercialized and being 'for the people'.
Subscription
Subscription services are when you pay X amount a month/every six months/a year in order to receive constant on demand television. An example of this would be Sky.
One-off Payment
An example of when you would pay a one off payment to own the product would be a if you was to purchase a free-view box. No sign up or subscriptions required, just buy, plug in and watch forever.
Pay-Per-View
Pay-per-view is typically used in one off sporting events such as boxing. However events being televised such as festivals and concerts are also subject to being pay-per-view. It basically means your paying for one view (one televised stream).
Sponsorship
Sponsorship is when another company or third party backs and invests in the channel/program is order to promote its name. You could say its a form of advertisement.
Advertisement
Advertisements are when a company purchases a slot of time on a television channel in order to reach a wider audience and promote themseleves. The more popular the show on at the time means more viewers, more viewers means the advertisement will reach a larger audience which means the channel can charge more & more money for their advertisement slots, and this is how & why TV shows are made.
Product Placement
Product placement can be considered another form of advertising. It is when a product is placed within a TV show/film. Usually the TV/Film production company will be paid money for this as it is technically a form of advertisement. However if they do not have permission to have the product shown in their media then they may have to be the ones who pay money.
Private Capital
In finance, private capital is a type of equity and one of the asset classes consisting of equity securities and debt in operating companies that are not publicly traded on a stock exchange. A private equity investment will generally be made by a private equity firm, a venture capital firm or an angel investor.
Crowd-funding
Crowd funding is a way to source money to kick-start a project/production when it is lacking funding or on a short budget. The most commonly used site today is Kickstarter.org. On kick-starter a creator will post their project on the site an often offer rewards or bonuses for any contributions made. For a example for a BETA video came contribution rewards can range anything from a game soundtrack to being flown out to another country all expenses paid meeting with the game developers
Development Funds
Development funds are used in an indirect sales channel where funds are made available by a manufacturer or brand to help affiliates/distributors sell its products and create local awareness about the national brand.
Wednesday, 7 June 2017
Apprentice Digital Video Producer Job Advert Complaint Letter
07/06/17
East Norfolk
Gorleston
NR31 7BQ
To whom it may concern,
I am writing this letter today concerning the legal and ethical issues with your job advertisement for an Apprentice Digital Video Producer. I personally cannot believe the total disregard for discrimination against gender, age and religious backgrounds. In 2010 'The Equality Act' was constructed to protect companies like you being able to discriminate against certain people and you've completely infringed upon it.
The Equality Act of 2010 was put into place to stop discrimination against people of a certain gender, age, sexual orientation or religion. This replaced multiple acts put in place through recent decades however your job advertisement breaks this in multiple areas. You have it listed as your only looking for either male or female workers, however you don't mention any of the other genders? I'll have you know the meaning of 'gender' has changed, there are now more genders then the standard two, all of which you have discriminated against. Next on the list you say your looking for someone aged below 30. It is ILLEGAL to deny a person an opportunity to a job when they are still perfectly able to do it as well as anyone else.You then list you require the person to have Christian religious views. This yet another law your are breaking asking to have specific religious views as a requirement for the job.
I also believe the proposed video required with the application is on a very extreme subject that could be a sensitive topic for people wanting to apply. Being an apprenticeship I would assume the majority of applicants will be young people. I think to ask a student to go out and find rape victims/rape offenders for a real interview is a lot to be asking an inexperienced first time applicant. I wanted to point out the issue of your total lack of regard for social concern in the video guidelines as well. Whilst the majority of sexual violence is men attacking women, there is also a significant portion of sexual violence that is not recognized as commonly in today's culture/society, ie. women attacking men, women attacking women etc. However in the application you mention explicitly you want us to find 'female' victims and 'male' offenders. This is just straight up stereotyping and is unacceptable. Also if anything was then to go wrong in the process of making these films we are obviously not protected by any sorts of employers liabilities or employers rights so we are ultimately putting ourselves at risk. In the health and safety legislation, with the right parameters set up, providing you've produced the right risk assessment paper work if anything was to go wrong your company is covered and prepared for it. However as an independent content creator if I was to conduct interviews as the applications asks I would have no cover or insurance if anything bad was to happen. There are no trade unions in independent content creations to protect myself or anyone that has been hired.
Another thing I noticed is there is no codes of practice or policies & procedures listed on the job application. Considering just having basic codes of practice could potentially avoid many legal issues in the future, it just seems unprofessional to have none of the such listed. It would also go along way to making us as an applicant feel a lot more secure and certain of where we stand.
Concerning legal issues I wanted to relate specifically with the Ofcom broadcasting code. Making the video would be tricky to keep within the Ofcom broadcasting code particularly due to the 'protecting under 18's' and 'harm and offense acts'. If it was to air on TV before the watershed, the kind of scene able to be depicted would be very restricted which would make getting across a certain message a lot harder. The code states and I quote "Due care must be taken over the physical and emotional welfare and the dignity of people under eighteen who take part or are otherwise involved in programs. This is irrespective of any consent given by the participant or by a parent, guardian or other person over the age of eighteen in loco parentis". It then also says "People under eighteen must not be caused unnecessary distress or anxiety by their involvement in programs or by the broadcast of those programs. Ofcom exist because of the Communications Act (2003) and The Broadcasting Act (1990).
The Obscene Publications Act (1959) significantly reformed the law related to obscenity by creating a new offence for publishing obscene material and repealing the common law offence of obscene libel which was previously used.
If it was to be released in the cinema I think this would be given 15 certificate rating. This is because is because in its official guidelines it says and I quote "Sexual activity may be portrayed, but usually without strong detail. There may be verbal references to sexual behavior, but the strongest references are unlikely to be acceptable unless justified by context." It then goes on to say under the violence section "There may be detailed verbal references to sexual violence but the depiction of sexual violence must be discreet and justified by context" which is exactly what we would go for. So I think 15 would be an appropriate and suitable rating for the video considering its going to need to be seen by younger people.
I noted at the end of the letter in small print you state you will recompense £20 for the production of the video. This however enters the grey area though of intellectual property because your suggesting you will then be able to do what you like with the video even if you choose not to employ the applicant. This is a cheap way of getting round copyright laws and you are collecting work that is not yours by right. Please take into consideration all the things I have mentioned.
Yours sincerely,
Joe Church
East Norfolk
Gorleston
NR31 7BQ
To whom it may concern,
I am writing this letter today concerning the legal and ethical issues with your job advertisement for an Apprentice Digital Video Producer. I personally cannot believe the total disregard for discrimination against gender, age and religious backgrounds. In 2010 'The Equality Act' was constructed to protect companies like you being able to discriminate against certain people and you've completely infringed upon it.
The Equality Act of 2010 was put into place to stop discrimination against people of a certain gender, age, sexual orientation or religion. This replaced multiple acts put in place through recent decades however your job advertisement breaks this in multiple areas. You have it listed as your only looking for either male or female workers, however you don't mention any of the other genders? I'll have you know the meaning of 'gender' has changed, there are now more genders then the standard two, all of which you have discriminated against. Next on the list you say your looking for someone aged below 30. It is ILLEGAL to deny a person an opportunity to a job when they are still perfectly able to do it as well as anyone else.You then list you require the person to have Christian religious views. This yet another law your are breaking asking to have specific religious views as a requirement for the job.
I also believe the proposed video required with the application is on a very extreme subject that could be a sensitive topic for people wanting to apply. Being an apprenticeship I would assume the majority of applicants will be young people. I think to ask a student to go out and find rape victims/rape offenders for a real interview is a lot to be asking an inexperienced first time applicant. I wanted to point out the issue of your total lack of regard for social concern in the video guidelines as well. Whilst the majority of sexual violence is men attacking women, there is also a significant portion of sexual violence that is not recognized as commonly in today's culture/society, ie. women attacking men, women attacking women etc. However in the application you mention explicitly you want us to find 'female' victims and 'male' offenders. This is just straight up stereotyping and is unacceptable. Also if anything was then to go wrong in the process of making these films we are obviously not protected by any sorts of employers liabilities or employers rights so we are ultimately putting ourselves at risk. In the health and safety legislation, with the right parameters set up, providing you've produced the right risk assessment paper work if anything was to go wrong your company is covered and prepared for it. However as an independent content creator if I was to conduct interviews as the applications asks I would have no cover or insurance if anything bad was to happen. There are no trade unions in independent content creations to protect myself or anyone that has been hired.
Another thing I noticed is there is no codes of practice or policies & procedures listed on the job application. Considering just having basic codes of practice could potentially avoid many legal issues in the future, it just seems unprofessional to have none of the such listed. It would also go along way to making us as an applicant feel a lot more secure and certain of where we stand.
Concerning legal issues I wanted to relate specifically with the Ofcom broadcasting code. Making the video would be tricky to keep within the Ofcom broadcasting code particularly due to the 'protecting under 18's' and 'harm and offense acts'. If it was to air on TV before the watershed, the kind of scene able to be depicted would be very restricted which would make getting across a certain message a lot harder. The code states and I quote "Due care must be taken over the physical and emotional welfare and the dignity of people under eighteen who take part or are otherwise involved in programs. This is irrespective of any consent given by the participant or by a parent, guardian or other person over the age of eighteen in loco parentis". It then also says "People under eighteen must not be caused unnecessary distress or anxiety by their involvement in programs or by the broadcast of those programs. Ofcom exist because of the Communications Act (2003) and The Broadcasting Act (1990).
The Obscene Publications Act (1959) significantly reformed the law related to obscenity by creating a new offence for publishing obscene material and repealing the common law offence of obscene libel which was previously used.
If it was to be released in the cinema I think this would be given 15 certificate rating. This is because is because in its official guidelines it says and I quote "Sexual activity may be portrayed, but usually without strong detail. There may be verbal references to sexual behavior, but the strongest references are unlikely to be acceptable unless justified by context." It then goes on to say under the violence section "There may be detailed verbal references to sexual violence but the depiction of sexual violence must be discreet and justified by context" which is exactly what we would go for. So I think 15 would be an appropriate and suitable rating for the video considering its going to need to be seen by younger people.
I noted at the end of the letter in small print you state you will recompense £20 for the production of the video. This however enters the grey area though of intellectual property because your suggesting you will then be able to do what you like with the video even if you choose not to employ the applicant. This is a cheap way of getting round copyright laws and you are collecting work that is not yours by right. Please take into consideration all the things I have mentioned.
Yours sincerely,
Joe Church
Friday, 26 May 2017
Friday, 19 May 2017
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